Category: Economics Essay

President Joko Widodo tenure in office appeared promising concerning the issue of unemployment rate in Indonesia. He pledged many promises such as splashing billions of investments to improve infrastructure as the strategy to save the country’s economy, which was struggling. Until today, the majority of the campaign promises were not enacted due to bureaucratic barriers that revolve around the government and politics. Another challenge fronting the government of Indonesia is the slight escalation in the percentage of unemployment. From the data that currently exists, there is 5.81 percent unemployment as of February 2015 as compared to 5.70 percent last year. The increase can be attributed to the heavy layoffs that are occurring in the business sector across the country. Companies are finding it hard to make the required profits; hence they resort to reducing the number of their workers to compete with the rest of the world. Profits are not being realized because of the existing ban on mineral ore exports as well as a drop in the prices of commodities. In fact, some of the companies are badly affected by the state of the economy to the extent that they have declared bankruptcy. Thus, the situation only increases the number of able citizens without employment in a country where 2 million people join the workforce each year. A third of the workforce, which comprises youths aged between 15 and 29, are jobless. However, the government can seize the human resource to bring Indonesia a great demographic dividend. Consequently, it is imperious to identify the root reasons and effects of unemployment in Indonesia and suggest a lasting solution to drive its economy forward.

Calculate the price

Calculate the price

 

Imposing a ban on the export of mineral ore is a contractionary policy, which shifts the aggregate demand curve to the left, whereas any expansionary policy shifts the aggregate demand curve to the right. On the other hand, the aggregate supply curve usually does not shift independently as does the aggregate demand curve. The reason for the difference is that the equation for the aggregate supply curve does not contain any term that indirectly relates to output or price. Aggregate supply illustration instead covers terms from the AS-AD model only. Short-term aggregate tends to shift to the left because it is independent of factors of production. Additionally, the alteration is enhanced by long-term factors, which cause dependency on the factors of production. Consequently, the phenomenon triggers a change in price levels; hence causing a shift in aggregate demand. However, aggregate expenditure is the sum total of consumption, which grosses the largest portion of investment of a country, government procurements as well as net exports. Whenever a country reduces its exports, the aggregate expenditure will also decrease significantly. Thus, autonomous consumption is useful in determining the total consumption of a country. The calculation must ensure that autonomous consumption is independent of marginal propensity to consume and of disposable income.

Money market permits the government to relate the money demanded by the economy to the money in the supply. The contrast is vital in the assessment of the effects of money supply and money demand and their relationship with the nominal interest rates of the economy of the country. The Indonesian government has to certify that there is adequate money supply in the economy. The plan to invest billions of dollars into improving the country’s infrastructure is a brilliant idea since it increases the amount of money circulating in the economy. In fact, money demand has a negative slope and has a relation to the nominal interest rate as opposed to the money supply, which does not affect the nominal interest rate. The people of Indonesia possess little money at hand when the nominal interest rates are low because they are aware of being lower yields from their savings.